Ukraina
Ukraine is a sovereign state situated in the south-eastern part of Europe. Kyiv is the capital of Ukraine. Ukraine is one of the largest countries in Europe. Its overall area is 603700 sq. km. Bordering Countries to Ukraine: Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Belarus, Slovakia and Russia. Ukraine is washed by the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea in the south. Ukraine is a unitary parliamentary and presidential republic. President is the head of the country, he is also a guarantee of state sovereignty, territorial integrity of Ukraine, Constitutional compliance, citizens rights and liberty. According to the Declaration three levels of power are to be differentiated: the legislative (Verkhovna Rada), the executive (The Cabinet of Ministers) and the judicial powers. The Supreme Court of Ukraine is the supreme judicial body in Ukraine. Besides the Supreme Court there is a special organ — Constitutional Court, the main aim of which is to guarantee the accordance of the newly adopted laws to the Constitution of Ukraine. Ukraine is an industrial-agrarian country. Iron industry, mechanical engineering and mining industry are the most developed industries. Rural economy is specialized on producing grain, sugar, industrial crops and livestock products. Ukraine takes the fifth place in Europe. Its population is almost 46 mln. people. About 80% are Ukrainians, all the rest are Russians, Byelorussians, Jewess, Crimean Tatars, Moldavians, Poles, Romanians, Bulgarians and people of other nationalities. The majority of citizens live in towns. Among the cities with the highest level of population are Odessa - a big Black Sea port, Doneck - the biggest centre of coalmining industry, Dnipropetrovsk - Dnipro river port, a city of metallurgists and mechanical engineers, Charkiv - an important industrial centre, a city of higher institutions and former capital of Ukraine (1918-1939), and Kyiv - the main city of Ukraine. The climate of Ukraine is temperate continental. The average temperature in January is 5 degrees below zero, in July it is 20 degrees above zero. The climate of the Crimea differs from that on the main territory. The climate here is subtropical. The longest river is Dnipro. The highest mountains of Ukraine are the Carpathians with its length over 270 km. and Goverla as its highest peak (2061m). More than 1.5 mln. people study at higher institutions in Ukraine. The main scientific centre in Ukraine is Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences. There is a rich variety of cultural institutions in Ukraine: more than 130 theatres, 214 museums, about 24 thousands libraries and 23 thousands club activities. Ukraine is composed of 24 oblasts (regions) and Autonomous Republic of Crimea. A variety of historical, cultural and natural sightseeing provides the opportunity to travel around the country all year round. You can visit churches and cathedrals. A lot of them are not only religious sanctuaries but also memorials of history and culture as for example Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv or Pochayiv Lavra in Ternopil region. Very popular among the guests of our country are ruins of ancient Crimea cities Hersones Tavriysky (Sevastopol) and Pantikopeya (Kerch), which were founded by Greek in the middle of the I century B.C. You would definitely like Voroncovskiy Palace (Alupka, Crimea), Potemkin Steps (Odessa) and Vishnevski Palace (Ternopil region). If you visit ancient castles of West Ukraine - Khotyn Fortress, Old Fortress in Kamenec Podilsky, Lubart's Castle in Lutsk - you will feel as if you returned to the times of princes and chivalry. For those who like landscape architecture it is necessary to visit dendrological pakr "Oleksandriya" in Bila Tserkva (Kyiv region), national arboretum "Sofiyivka" in Uman (Cherkaska oblast) and also arboretum biosphere memorial "Askania Nova" (Kherson region). Among well-known sightseeing are also Marmurova Cave (Crimea), Svityaz lake (Volyn region), Sinevir (Zakarpatsky region) and Narcissus Valley (Zakarpatsky region). A lot of sightseeing, picturesque landscapes, developed culture and infrastructure, rich national traditions attract millions of tourists from different countries to visit Kyiv every year.
Welcome to Ukraine!
|
